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Kokia kauaiensis

(Rock) O.Deg. & Duvel (1934)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Genus: Kokia

hau hele ‘ula [hau hele ula], koki‘o [kokio]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees 5–10 m tall.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades orbicular 12–25 cm wide, 7-lobed or 9(11) lobed with shallow, angulate or deltate divisions. Base cordate with a usually closed sinus. Surfaces glabrate except lower surfaces densely pubescent near base and at apex of petioles. Margins entire or nearly so. Petioles usually as Iong as or longer than blades, deciduous with prominent scars. Stipules caducous.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, clustered near the ends of the branches, axillary, pedicels 3–9 cm long, articulate near middle and with a persistent bract, terminal nectaries absent; involucral bracts 3, broadly ovate, 40–60 mm long, glabrous, distinct or connate basally, entire or lobed, sparsely pilose toward base, apex obtuse–sinuate, accrescent and leathery in fruit. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx composed of connate sepals, cylindrical, irregularly 2–5 lobed, the lobes caducous, valvate in bud, the tube ca. 2 cm long, sparsely pilose with spreading, white to yellowish hairs, eventually glabrate. Corolla zygomorphic, corolla of 5 petals, brick–red, 10–15 cm long, obovate, curved in bud, densely yellowish silky pubescent, reflexed above at anthesis, twisted at base, adnate at base to staminal column. Stamens 5 to numerous, monadelphous, forming a staminal column, staminal column exserted, curved; antheriferous in upper 1/3-1/2, terminated by 5 teeth; anthers monothecal. Pollen globose, echinate. Ovary superior, 5-celled; ovules 1 per cell, the carpels borne in a single whorl or rarely seemingly superposed whorls, placentation axile; style clavate, exceeding the staminal column, unbranched and stigmatically lobed at apex; stigma 5-lobed, sulcate, terminal or decurrent.

Fruit: Loculicidally dehiscent capsules; ovoid; up to 3.7 cm long; apex acuminate; woody. Seeds obovoid; 10-12 mm long; pubescent with hairs up to 10 mm long; with or without endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in the diverse mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 350–660 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Maui Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: O.Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis 221: s.p. (1934)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:890 (K); Staples & Herbst 2005:393 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flowers but no fruit at this season. Duvel, A. 8983 Kauai BISH 1933-09-01
2 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flowers orangish red. Wagner, W.L. 5078 Kauai BISH 1983-08-31
3 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1790 Maui BISH 1983-07-23
4 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 16037 Kauai BISH 1919-04-12
5 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Knudsen, A. Kauai BISH 1919-01-01
6 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Judd, C.S. Kauai BISH 1932-07-01
7 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2917 Kauai BISH 1938-08-14
8 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 16037 Kauai BISH 1919-04-12
9 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 16037 Kauai BISH 1919-04-12
10 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 16037 Kauai BISH 1919-04-12
11 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 16037 Kauai BISH 1919-04-12
12 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Knudsen, A. Kauai BISH 1919-06-01
13 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Judd, C.S. Kauai BISH 1932-07-01
14 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. Kauai BISH 1971-04-07
15 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Exposed N & W facing dry slopes to floor of valley. Associated species: Euphorbia, Nototrichium, Neraudia, Lantana, (?) Nesoluma, 2 groves, each with about 12 trees. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 16 m high. Flower orange, fruit mostly immature. Gagné, W.C. 536 Kauai BISH 1970-08-22
16 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Bayer, W. 21452 Kauai BISH 1951-07-01
17 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 16037 Kauai BISH 1919-04-12
18 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Knudsen, A. Kauai BISH 1919-01-01
19 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Knudsen, A. Kauai BISH 1919-06-01
20 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Exposed N & W facing dry slopes to floor of valley. Associated species: Euphorbia, Nototrichium, Neraudia, Lantana, (?) Nesoluma, 2 groves, each with about 12 trees. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 16 m high. Flower orange, fruit mostly immature. Gagné, W.C. 536 Kauai BISH 1970-08-22
21 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Kokia, Gouldia, o`hia, Drypetes, lantana, Dodonaea association. On north facing slope. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1977-07-19
22 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details With mixed mesophytic forest of Metrosideros, Acacia koa, Pouteria, Diospyros spp., Nestegis, & Pleomele, with Aleurites in valley bottom along now dry streambed. Fairly large population on lower parts of N slope & ridges. Substantial regeneration noted, many juveniles. Preserved_Specimen Tree 16 m. tall x 30 cm. in diam. (reaches 60 cm.), bark smooth pale brownish gray with low transverse ridges. Leaves dark green with red veins. Floral bract & calyx drying brown, capsule red drying brown, seeds dark brown. Lorence, D.H. 6301 Kauai BISH 1988-11-30
23 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Aleurites dominated forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree 10 m, trunk leaning, 35 cm dbh, somewhat resembles Aleurites, several trees together in small area, many juveniles. Sep. spreading green tinged pink, fl in bud. van Balgooy, M.M.J. 4260 Kauai BISH 1982-01-06
24 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Kauai diverse lowland mesic forest with Bobea timonioides; Alectryon, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Antidesma, Metrosideros, Flueggea. Preserved_Specimen Several trees, 20-30 ft ht, with no fruit or flowers. Perlman, S. 7018 Kauai BISH 1987-11-28
25 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse lowland mesic forest; Associated plants... Alectryon, Pteralyxia, Styphelia, Aleurites, Psidium, Diospyros, Pleomele. Preserved_Specimen 10 m tall tree; 30 cm dbh; in early bud; 12+- trees in area; vigorous. Wood, K.R. 355 Kauai BISH 1990-06-07
26 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mesic forest; Diospyros, Pouteria, Antidesma, Psychotria, Tetraplasandra kavaiensis, Rauvolfia, Pteralyxia, Metrosideros polymorpha, Alectryon macrococcus, Pleomele aurea, Doodia kunthiana, Diplazium sandwicianum, Carex meyenii, Carex wahuensis Preserved_Specimen healthy tree; flower Wood, K.R. 12380 Kauai BISH 2007-07-31
27 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Kauai diverse lowland mesic forest with Bobea timonioides, Alectryon, Rauvolfia, Melicope, Antidesma, Metrosideros, Flueggea. Preserved_Specimen Several trees, 20-30 ft ht, with no fruit or flowers. Perlman, S. 7018 Kauai BISH 1987-11-28
28 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry region. Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. 8981 Kauai BISH 1933-01-01
29 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diospyros mixed mesic forest w/ Acacia koa, Metrosideros polymorpha var. glaberrima, Myrsine lanaiensis, Polyscias waimeae, Kokia kauaiensis, Kadua affinis, K. knudsenii, Euphorbia haeleeleana, Nestegis sandwicensis, Pipturus alb Preserved_Specimen Tree, 10 m tall, apparently only a few fruit developed this year in population of ca. 10 trees, Wood, K.R. 17738 Kauai BISH 2017-11-28
30 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Diospyros lowland mesic forest; Associated plants... Flueggea, Pteralyxia, Exocarpos, Kokia, Neraudia, Santalum, Charpentiera, Pritchardia, Nototrichium, Chamaesyce, Hedyotis, Dubautia, Melicope, Festuca, Bidens, Lipochaeta, Panicum. Preserved_Specimen 5 m tall tree; sterile; vigourous; Wood, K.R. 1775 Kauai BISH 1992-04-02
31 Kokia kauaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On steep, N facing slope in native dry forest. Preserved_Specimen Trees to 70 or 80 ft tall with a circuference of to 60 at breast heighth. Herbst, D.R. 1969 Kauai BISH 1971-07-04
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